Kadāchit Rgved kī sabase prasiddh kavita ya prārthana Purūśāsūkta (Purūśa Suktam) hai. Yah 90ven adhyāy aur 10ven mandal mein paī jātī hai. Yah ek viśeś vyakti –Purūś (jise Purūśa ke nām se pukāra jāta hai) ke lie gāya gaya gīt hai. Kyonki yah Rgved mein pāya jāta hai, isalie yah sansār ka sabase prāchīn mantr hai, is kāran is ka adhyayan yah dekhane ke lie lābhaprad hai ki ham kaise mukti ya mokś (gyānoday) ke tarīke ko sīkh sakate hain.
Ab Purūśa kaun hai? Vaidik Granth hamen batāte hain ki:
“Purūśa aur Prajāpati ek aur ek hī vyakti hai.” (Sanskrt mein Purusohi Prajapati) Mādhyandinī Satapath Brāhman VII. 4:1.156
Upaniśad isī soch ko jārī rakhate hue kahate hain ki
“Purūśa sabhī bāton mein sarvaśreśth hai. Kuch bhī [koī bhī] Purūśa se śreśth nahin hai. Vahī ant hai aur ucchatam lakśy hai” (Avykat Purusah parah. Purusanna param kincitsa kastha sa para gati) Kathopaniśad 3:11
“aur vāstav mein sarvocch Purūśa avyakt se pare hai…vah jo use jānata hai vah mukt ho jāta hai aur amaratv ko prāpt kar leta hai (Avyakat u parah Purusa … yajna tva mucyate Janturamtatvam ca gacchati) Kathopaniśad 6:8
Is tarah se Purūśa hī Prajāpati (Sārī srśti ka Prabhu) hai. Parantu, kadāchit isase bhī adhik mahatvapūrn sīdhe use jānana hai jo āpako aur mujhe prabhāvit karata hai. Upaniśad kahata hai ki:
“anant jīvan ka (Purūśa ko chorkar) any koī mārg nahin hai” (Nanyahpantha vidyate – ayanaya) Svetāśvataropaniśad 3:8
Is kāran ham Purūśāsūkta, Rgved ke bhajan ka adhyayan karenge, jo Purūśa ka vivaran dete hain. aur jab ham aisa karate hain, to main kadāchit ek vilakśan evam anūthe vichār ko hamāre sochane ke lie rakhūnga: Kya Purūśāsūkta mein kaha gaya yah purūś lagabhag 2000 varśon pahale Yīśu Satsang (Nāsarī ke Yīśu) mein dehadhārī hua? Jaisa ki kaha gaya hai, kadāchit yah ek vilakśan dhārana hai, parantu Yīśu Satsang (Nāsarī ka Yīśu) sabhī dharmo mein ek pavitr vyakti ke rūp mein jāna jāta hai aur usane Parameśvar ke dehadhāran arthāt avatār hone ka dāva kiya tha, aur donon arthāt Parameśvar aur Purūśa ka balidān (jaisa ki ham dekhenge) hua, is kāran yah hamen is vichār ke ūpar vichār karane aur isaka pata lagāne ke lie acche kāran deta hai. Sanskrti ka bhāśāntaran aur Purūśa ke ūpar mere bahut se vichār Josap Padanījerakāra dvāra rachit pustak Prāchīn Vedon Mein Masīh (346 prśthon kī, 2007 mein likhī huī) nāmak pustak ke adhyayan se āe hain.
Purūśāsūkta ka Pratham ślok
| Sanskrt Lipyantaran | Sanskrt ka Hindī Bhāśātanran |
| Sahasra sirsa-PurusahSahasra ksah sahsrapatSa bhumim visvato v rtvaatyatisthaddasangulam | Purūśa ke ek hajār sir, ek hajār ānkhen aur ek hajār pair hain. Srśti ko chahūn or se gherate hue, vah chamakata hai. Aur vah svayam das ungaliyon mein sīmit hai. |
Jaisa ki hamane ūpar dekha ki Purūśa hī Prajāpati hai. Prajāpati, jaisa ki yahān vivaran diya gaya, ki use prāchīn Vedon mein aisa Parameśvar māna jāta tha, jisane sab kuch kī rachana kī hai – vah “sārī srśti ka Prabhu” tha.
Purūśāsūkta ke ārambh mein hī ham Purūśa ke ‘ek hajār sir, ek hajār ānkhen aur ek hajār pair hain,’ ko dekhate hain, isaka kya arth hai? ‘Hajār’ ka arth yahān kisī viśeś ginatī kī huī sankhya se nahin hai, apitu isaka arth ‘anginit’ ya ‘sīma se pare’ ke artho se hai. Is tarah se Purūśa ka sīmārahit gyān (‘sir’) hai.
Srśti ko cahūn or se gherate hue, vah chamakata hai. Aur vah svayam das anguliyon mein sīmit hai. Aaj kī bhāśa mein ham kah sakate hain ki vah Sarvagyānī ya sab-kuch jānane vāla hai. Yah Parameśvar (Prajāpati) ka ek gun hai jo keval ek hī aisa hai jise sab-kuch ka pata hai. Sāth hī, Parameśvar dekhata aur sab bāton kī jānakārī bhī rakhata hai. Purūśa kī ‘ek hajār ānkhen’ hain ke kahane ka arth yah hai ki Purūśa Sarvavyāpī hai – vah sab bāton ko jānata hai kyonki vah sabhī sthānon mein upasthit hai. Isī tarah se, ‘ek hajār pair’ – Sarvasāmarthy arthāt Sarvaśaktimatta– asīmit śakti ko prastut karate hain.
Is tarah se ham Purūśāsūkta ke ārambh mein hī dekhate hain ki Purūśa ko Sarvagyānī, Sarvavyāpī aur Sarvasāmarthī vyakti ke rūp mein parichit karāya gaya hai. Parameśvar ka dehadhāran arthāt avatār hī keval is tarah ka vyakti ho sakata hai. Taubhī, yah ślok yah kahate hue samāpt hota hai ki ‘usane svayam ko das anguliyon mein sīmit kiya hai.’ Isaka kya arth hai? Ek dehadhārī vyakti hone ke nāte, Purūśa ne svayam ko aisa śūny kar diya ki usane apanī īśvarīy śaktiyon ko chor diya aur ek sāmāny mānav ke svarūp mein – ‘das anguliyon’ jitana sīmit kar diya. Is tarah se, yadyapi Purūśa īśvar tha, īśvaratv ke sabhī gunon ke hone par bhī, usane svayam ke dehadhāran mein, svayam ko manuśy kī samānata mein kar liya.
Ved Pustak (Baibal), jab Yīśu Satsang (Nāsarī ke Yīśu) ke lie bolatī hai to isī vichār ko akśaraś vyakt karatī hai. Vah kahatī hai ki:
…jaisa Masīh Yīśu ka svabhāv tha vaisa hī tumhāra bhī svabhāv ho:
6 Jisane Parameśvar ke svarūp mein hokar bhī
Parameśvar ke tuly hone ko apane vaś mein
rakhane kī vastu na samajha;
7 Varan apane āp ko aisa śūny kar diya,
aur dās ka svarūp dhāran kiya,
aur manuśy kī samānata mein ho gaya.
8 Aur manuśy ke rūp mein pragat hokar apane
āp ko dīn kiya,
aur yahān tak āgyākārī raha ki mrtyu –
hān, kūsr kī mrtyu bhī sah lī! (Philippiyon 2:5-8)
Aap dekh sakate hain ki Ved Pustak (Baibal) akśaraś vaise hī vichāron – asīmit Parameśvar ka ek sīmit manuśy mein dehadhāran hone – ka upayog karatī hai jaise ki Purūśa ko parichit karāne ke lie Purūśāsūkta mein die gae hain. Parantu Baibal ka yah prasang śīghrata se usake balidān ka vivaran – jaisa ki Purūśāsūkta bhī karega –karane kī or badhata chala jāta hai. Is lie in bhaviśyavāniyon ka pata lagāna kisī bhī us vyakti ke lie sārthak hai jo mokś kī prāpti kī iccha rakhata hai, kyonki, jaisa ki Upaniśadon mein kaha gaya hai ki:
“Anant jīvan ka (Purūśa ko chorkar) any koī mārg nahin hai” (Nanyahpantha vidyate – ayanaya) Svetāśvataropaniśad 3:8
Ham Purūśāsūkta ślok 2 mein yahān jārī rakhenge.